Wednesday, April 3, 2013

Reflections on Judges 19

 
    Judges 19 (Contemporary English Version)
  1. Before kings ruled Israel, a Levite was living deep in the hill country of the Ephraim tribe. He married a woman from Bethlehem in Judah,
  2. but she was unfaithful and went back to live with her family in Bethlehem. Four months later
  3. her husband decided to try and talk her into coming back. So he went to Bethlehem, taking along a servant and two donkeys. He talked with his wife, and she invited him into her family's home. Her father was glad to see him
  4. and did not want him to leave. So the man stayed three days, eating and drinking with his father-in-law.
  5. When everyone got up on the fourth day, the Levite started getting ready to go home. But his father-in-law said, "Don't leave until you have a bite to eat. You'll need strength for your journey."
  6. The two men sat down together and ate a big meal. "Come on," the man's father-in-law said. "Stay tonight and have a good time."
  7. The Levite tried to leave, but his father-in-law insisted, and he spent one more night.
  8. The fifth day, the man got up early to leave, but his wife's father said, "You need to keep up your strength! Why don't you leave right after lunch?" So the two of them started eating.
  9. Finally, the Levite got up from the meal, so he and his wife and servant could leave. "Look," his father-in-law said, "it's already late afternoon, and if you leave now, you won't get very far before dark. Stay with us one more night and enjoy yourself. Then you can get up early tomorrow morning and start home."
  10. But the Levite decided not to spend the night there again. He had the saddles put on his two donkeys, then he and his wife and servant traveled as far as Jebus, which is now called Jerusalem.
  11. It was beginning to get dark, and the man's servant said, "Let's stop and spend the night in this town where the Jebusites live."
  12. "No," the Levite answered. "They aren't Israelites, and I refuse to spend the night there. We'll stop for the night at Gibeah,
  13. because we can make it to Gibeah or maybe even to Ramah before dark."
  14. They walked on and reached Gibeah in the territory of Benjamin just after sunset.
  15. They left the road and went into Gibeah. But the Levite couldn't find a house where anyone would let them spend the night, and they sat down in the open area just inside the town gates.
  16. Soon an old man came in through the gates on his way home from working in the fields. Most of the people who lived in Gibeah belonged to the tribe of Benjamin, but this man was originally from the hill country of Ephraim.
  17. He noticed that the Levite was just in town to spend the night. "Where are you going?" the old man asked. "Where did you come from?"
  18. "We've come from Bethlehem in Judah," the Levite answered. "We went there on a visit. Now we're going to the place where the LORD is worshiped, and later we will return to our home in the hill country of Ephraim. But no one here will let us spend the night in their home.
  19. We brought food for our donkeys and bread and wine for ourselves, so we don't need anything except a place to sleep."
  20. The old man said, "You are welcome to spend the night in my home and to be my guest, but don't stay out here!"
  21. The old man brought them into his house and fed their donkeys. Then he and his guests washed their feet and began eating and drinking.
  22. They were having a good time, when some worthless men of that town surrounded the house and started banging on the door and shouting, "A man came to your house tonight. Send him out, so we can have sex with him!"
  23. The old man went outside and said, "My friends, please don't commit such a horrible crime against a man who is a guest in my house.
  24. Let me send out my daughter instead. She's a virgin. And I'll even send out the man's wife. You can rape them or do whatever else you want, but please don't do such a horrible thing to this man."
  25. The men refused to listen, so the Levite grabbed his wife and shoved her outside. The men raped her and abused her all night long. Finally, they let her go just before sunrise,
  26. and it was almost daybreak when she went back to the house where her husband was staying. She collapsed at the door and lay there until sunrise.
  27. About that time, her husband woke up and got ready to leave. He opened the door and went outside, where he found his wife lying at the door with her hands on the doorstep.
  28. "Get up!" he said. "It's time to leave." But his wife didn't move. He lifted her body onto his donkey and left.
  29. When he got home, he took a butcher knife and cut her body into twelve pieces. Then he told some messengers, "Take one piece to each tribe of Israel
  30. and ask everyone if anything like this has ever happened since Israel left Egypt. Tell them to think about it, talk it over, and tell us what should be done." Everyone who saw a piece of the body said, "This is horrible! Nothing like this has ever happened since the day Israel left Egypt."

While chapters 17 and 18 illustrate the idolatry to which Israel had succumbed, the remaining chapters of Judges illustrate the moral depravity and anarcy to which the nation had stooped. Again, a Levite is involved, one who had taken for himself a second-status wife referred to as a concubine. Such practice was never sanctioned by God, but as with the previous account involving a Levite, these guardians of the Mosaic law no longer knew the law. The concubine was unfaithful to him, turning to prostitution, and then returned to her father's home.

The Levite traveled the distance from the hill country in Ephraim to Bethlehem, where the concubine's father lived, to bring her back with him. After a prolonged stay at his father-in-law's, the Levite began the journey back to his home taking with him the concubine. As nightfall approached on their first day of travel, they passed up Jerusalem, a foreign city at that time, and went on to Gibeah to spend the night. We see a glimpse into the inhospitality of the people in Gibeah in that no one took in the Levite and his servant and concubine to spend the night, which was an honored practice of the time. At the last minute an old man finally took them in. Before long perverted men of the city surrounded the house and demanded that the Levite come out so they could have sex with him. This sounds very much like the people of Sodom.

The demand of the perverted men is astonishing, but just as astonishing is the response of the Levite who pushed his concubine out the door for the men to do as they wished with her, thus saving himself. The next morning the Levite went out the door, not to go looking for the concubine, but to leave on his journey. He found her dead on the doorstep. The Levite put her body on his donkey and returned home. To arouse action against this crime, the Levite cut up the body into 12 parts and sent them with an account of what happened throughout the territory of Israel.

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